And after a verb ending in a consonant, comes the affix ghañ (when the word to be formed is masculine and related to the verb as an instrument or a location and thereby the palatal is changed into guttural).,
The whole of the phrase within brackets is to be read into this sutra from sutra 3.3.118. This excludes घ. Thus लेखः 'a writing' (that in which something is inscribed); वेदः 'the Veda' (that by which all is known); वेषः 'dress' (that which is entered into); बन्धः 'obstruction'; मार्गः 'a way' (that on which they seek); अपामार्गः 'a plant' (that by which disease or the like is cleared away); रामः 'Rama' (i. e. in which the devout delight).,