To express an action etc. by a word in the feminine gender, the affix ktin is added to the root.,
The conditions of rules (III. 3. 18.) and 3.3.19 are understood here also. This supersedes घञ्, अच् and अप् affixes. Thus कृतिः 'action'; चितिः 'a gathering'; मतिः 'understanding'.
Vart:- The affix ktin should be declared to come after the verbs आप् 'to get' &c. There is no list of these words given anywhere, but by seeing the form, we can infer the affix. Thus आप्तिः 'getting'; राद्धिः 'accomplishment'; दीप्तिः 'shining'; स्रस्तिः 'a slip'; ध्वस्तिः 'destruction'; लब्धिः 'gain'.
Vart:- So also after the verbs श्रु 'to hear', यज् 'to worship' and स्तु 'to praise', when instrument is meant; as श्रुतिः 'ear' (that by which we hear); so इष्टिः 'a sacrifice'; स्तुतिः 'a praise.
Vart:- The affix नि comes after the verbs ग्लौ 'to be exhausted', म्लै 'to fade', ज्या 'to grow old' and हा 'to leave'; as ग्लानिः 'exhaustion'; म्लानिः 'fading', ज्यानिः 'old age'; हानिः 'loss'.
Vart:- The affix क्तिन् coming after verbs ending in long ॠ and the verbs लू &c. is like a Nishtha. Thus कीर्णिः 'scattering': This form is thus evolved: कॄ + क्तिन् = कि + ति 7.1.100 = किर् + ति 1.1.51 = कीर् + ति 8.2.77. At this stage, त is changed into न by the affix being treated as a Nishtha 8.2.42, and this न is changed into ण by the ordinary rules of sandhi; so also गीर्णिः 'praise'; जीर्णिः 'old age'; शीर्णिः 'drying'; लूनिः 8.2.44 'cutting'; यूनिः 'joining'; धूनिः 'agitation'; पूनिः 'destruction'.
Vart:- The affix क्विप् comes after the verbs सम्पत् & c; as सम्पत् 'prosperity'; विपत् 'a calamity'; प्रतिपत् 'access'. The affix क्तिन् is also employed after these verbs:-- as, सम्पत्तिः, विपत्तिः । The verbs लू &c. are 21 verbs of kryadi class.,