In the chandas (Vedas) the following affixes come after the roots with the force of the affix tumun , viz. 1. se 2. sen 3. ase 4. asen 5. kse 6. ksen 7. adhyai 8. adhyain 9. kadhyai 10. kadhyain 11. śādhyai 12. śādhyain 13. tavai 14. tavai 15. tavain ,
In the Vedic literature the Infinitive is formed by the above 15 affixes. These, when stripped of their indicatory letters, will be found to consist of the following five affixes :-- (1) से = से, सेन् and क्से ॥ (2) असे = असे, असेन् and कसेन् ॥ (3) अध्यै = अध्यै, अध्यैन्, कध्यै, कध्यैन्, शध्यै and शध्यैन् ॥ (4) तवै ॥ (5) तवे = तवेङ् and तवेन् ।
The difference in the affixes is made by four indicatory letters, viz. न्, क्, श् and ङ् । The forces of क्, श् and ङ् have already been explained; the indicatory न् makes the word take the udatta accent on the first syllable 6.1.197. Thus से is acute (III. I. 3); सेन् has acute on the first syllable of the word 6.1.197; असे has accent of the affix (III. I. 3); असेन् throws the accent on the first syllable of the word; the indicatory श makes the numbers 11 and 12 Sarvadhatuka, and the root takes the proper Vikarana of its class before these affixes; while before तवै, the acute falls both on the first syllable and the last syllable simultaneously 6.1.200, 6.2.51.
Before going to give examples of these affixes, let us explain what is meant by तुमर्थ 'the sense of the affix तुम्' । The word तुमर्थ is here equivalent to भाव or 'action'; for the pratyayas or affixes, to which no meaning has been assigned in grammar, convey the meaning of the bases to which they are added. Thus no special meaning having been attached to तुमुन्, it will convey the meaning of the root to which it is added, i. e. it will denote the 'action' of the verb, or Infinitive mood. (1) से—वक्षे रायः । (2) सेन्—तवामेषे स्थानाम् (Rig. V. 66. 3). (3 and 4) असे and असेन्—अस्मे शतं शरदों जीवसे धा (Rig. III. 36. 10). So also कृत्वे दक्षाय जीवसे (Rig. X. 57. 4). With असेन् the word will be जीवसे । (5) क्से—प्रेषे भगाय । (6) कसेन्—गवामिव श्रियसे (Rig. V. 59. 3). It has not the नित् accent 6.1.197 which would have given us श्रियसे । (7 and 8) अध्यै, अध्यैन्—कर्मण्युपचारध्यै । (9) कध्यै—इन्द्राग्नी आहुवध्यै (Rig. VI. 60. 13). (10) कध्यैन्—श्रियध्यै । (11 and 12) शध्यै, शध्यैन्—पिबध्यै (Rig. IV. 27. 5); the accent however is on पि । सह मादयध्यै (Rig. VI. 60. 13). (13) तवै—सोममिन्द्राय पातवै । (14) तवेङ्—तं ते गर्भं हवामहे दशमे मासि सूतवे (Rig. X. 184. 3). (15) तवेन् = गन्तवे (Rig. I. 46. 7); कर्तवे (Rig. 1. 85. 9); हर्तवे ॥,