Before karṇa there is the substitution of a long vowel for the final of the preceding word when it denotes a proprietorship mark or the ears of cattle, but not when the words 1. viṣṭa 2. aṣṭan 3. pañcan 4. maṇi 5. bhinna 6. chinna 7. chidra 8. sruva and 9. svastika,
Thus दात्राकर्णः, द्विगुणाकर्णः, त्रिगुणाकर्णः, द्व्यङ्गुलाकर्णः, अङ्गुलाकर्णः ॥ The word लक्षण here means any peculiar mark showing the proprietorship, put or made on the ears of animals. Why do we say when it denotes such a mark? Observe शोभनकर्णः ॥ Why do we say 'with the exception of विष्ट &c'? Observe विष्टकर्णः ॥ अष्टकर्णः, पञ्चकर्णः, भिन्नकर्णः, छिन्नकर्णः, छिद्रकर्णः, स्रवकर्णः, स्वस्तिककर्णः and मणिकर्णः ॥,