at is always the substitute of jha in the ātmanepada when it is not preceded by a verbal aṅga (stem) ending in a,
Thus चिन्वते, चिन्वताम्, अचिन्वत; लुनते, लुनताम्, अलुनत ॥ Why in the Atmanepada? Observe चिन्वन्ति, लुनन्ति ॥ Why \when not preceded by an अ\? Observe च्यवन्ते, प्लवन्ते, in which, though the roots are च्यु and प्लु, they assume the form च्यव and प्लव when the Vikarana शप् is added; the vikarana is added first, because it is nitya; and then the substitution of अन्त or अत for झ, as the case may be. The word अनतः qualifies झ, the झ should be immediately preceded by a stem ending in a non-अ; if some other letter intervenes, the rule will not apply. Thus from शी - शयान्तै, here between शी and झ, intervenes the augment आट्, therefore झ is not preceded by a stem ending in non अ, but by आट् ॥,
