1 An unhappy accident, misfortune, calamity.

2 Injury, trouble, harm; puṃsāmasamarthānāmupadravāyā- tmano bhavetkopaḥ Pt. 1. 324; nirupadravaṃ sthānaṃ Pt. 1.

3 Outrage, violence.

4 A national distress (whether caused by the king or famine, sea- sons &c.).

5 A national disturb- ance, rebellion.

6 A symptom, a supervenient disease (one brought on whilst a person is suffering from another).