After the verbs gup , tij and kit comes the affix san,
This affix is to be added to the above verbs, when they mean to 'despise', 'to endure' and 'to heal' respectively, though they ordinarily mean 'to hide', 'to whet' and 'to dwell'. As जुगुप्सते 'he censures or despises'; तितिक्षते 'he endures patiently'; चिकित्सते 'he heals'. But गोपायति 'he protects'; तेजयति 'he sharpens'; सङ्केतयति 'he makes sign'. When सन् is added, there is reduplication of the root, by (VI.I.9). Thus, गुप् + सन् = जुगुप् + स 7.4.62 = जुगुप्स् to which is added the third person singular termination अते = जुगुप्सते.,
