गोचर-सञ्चर-वह-व्रज-व्यज-आपण-निगमाश् च

Adhyāya 3 · Pāda 3 · Rule 119

And the words 1. gocara 2. saṃcara 3. vaha 4. vraja 5. vyaja 6. āpaṇa 7. nigama are anomalous.,

These words are irregularly formed by the affix घ with the same force as in the last aphorism. This is an apavada or exception to rule 3.3.121, by which after roots ending in consonants, the affix घञ् is added. Thus गोचरः 'pasturage', (lit. that in which the cows graze); सञ्चरः 'a passage', (lit. through which they move ); वहः 'a vehicle' (lit. by which men are carried); व्रजः 'a cow-pen' (by which they go); व्यजः 'a fan' (by which they move the air); the anomaly in this consists in not replacing the अज् of व्यज् (वि + अज्) by the substitute वी as required by sutra 2.4.56; आपण 'a market' (lit. that in which men come and traffic); निगमः 'the Veda', 'a market' (that into which they enter).

The force of the word च in the aphorism is to include other words also, which have not been already mentioned. Thus कषः, निकषः 'a touch-stone', (lit. that on which they rub).,

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