उदात्त-स्वरितयोर् यणः स्वरितो ऽनुदात्तस्य

An unaccented vowel becomes svarita, when it comes after a यण् (semi-vowel), which यण् itself has come in the room of a vowel which was acute or svarita once.

Let us first take the vowel following an udatta yan. Thus कुमा॒॒र्यौ॑, कुमा॒॒॑र्यः ॥ The word कुमारी꣡ is acutely accented on the final, because the long ई (ङीप्) replaces अ꣡ of कुमार 6.1.161. The semi-vowel य् is substituted in the room of this acute ई꣡; the anudatta आ and अः become svarita after such a य् ॥

Now to take an example of a svarita-yan. The words सकृल्लू꣡ and खलपू꣡ are finally acute by krit-accent 6.2.139. The Locative singular of these words are खलपू꣡ + इ॒॒ = खल्पिवं, and सकृल्ल्वि by 6.4.83. This व् is a semi-vowel which comes in the room of the acute ऊ꣡, therefore, it is udatta-yan. After this udatta-yan, the anudatta इ of the Locative becomes svarita by the first part of this sutra. Now when खलप्वि॑ + आशा꣡ and सकृल्ल्वि॑ + आशा꣡ are combined by sandhi, this svarita इ is changed to य्; it is, therefore, a svarita-yan. The unaccented आ will become svarita, after this svarita-yan. As खलप्व्या॑शा and सकृल्ल्व्या॑शा ॥ The word आशा is finally acute and consequently आ is not acute (Phit. I. 18).

Objection:- Here an objector may say: that the svarita accent on इ in खलप्वि is by this very sutra, this svarita is to be considered as asiddha for the purposes of यण् adesa of 6.4.83. How can then the य् substituted for this इ be considered as svarita-yan?

Answer:- This is considered as siddha by asraya. (आश्रयात् सिद्धत्वम्) ॥

Objection :-If this be so, then उदात्तादनुदात्तस्य स्वरितः 8.4.66 should also be considered as siddha: and we should have svarita in दध्याशा &c also. For the word द꣡धि is first-acute by Phit Il. 3. Therefore धि is svarita by 8.4.66. The य् is svarita yan, the anudatta आ after this should become svarita according this view, but this is not so.

Answer:- To avoid this difficulty, we have the following.

Vart:- यण्स्वरो यणादेशो सिद्धो वक्तव्यः ॥ \The यण् accent should be considered as valid, for the purposes of यण् substitution\.

Some say, that even in such cases as दध्या॑शा the above rule applies, and that the unaccented vowel becomes svarita, if it follows a svarita-yan which is preceded by an acute vowel. They quote the following from Taittariya sakha : यास्ते विश्वाः समिधः सन्त्यग्ने, where the अ of अग्ने is pronounced as svarita. So also in the Brahmana portion as : दध्या॑शयति the आ is read as svarita. But according to Katyayana and Patanjali, the unaccented vowel does not become svarita by this sutra, when it follows a svarita-yan which is preceded by an acute vowel.

To get rid of these anomalies, the Mahabhashya proposes several alternatives, two of which will be mentioned here. The first proposal is to divide this composite sutra into two parts: (1) उदात्तयणः परस्य अनुदात्तस्य स्वरितो भवति \an unaccented vowel becomes svarita when it follows after an udatta yan\. (2) स्वरितयणश्च परस्य अनुदात्तस्य स्वरितो भवति \an unaccented vowel becomes svarita, when following a svarita yan\ and in this second sutra, we shall read the anuvritti of udatta-yan from the preceding half. So that this half will mean: उदात्तयण इत्येवं यो निर्वृत्तः स्वरितः, तस्य यणः परस्य अनुदात्तस्य स्वरितो भवति ॥ The svarita must have been obtained by the application of the first half of this sutra and this svarita should be changed to यण्, which would change the anudatta into svarita. So that the स्वरित यणः means this particular svarita obtained by the application of this very sutra.

The second proposal is not to read svarita into the sutra at all. The svarita in सकृल्ल्व्या॑शा would then be explained by udatta-yanah rule. सकृल्लू + इ + आशा = सकृल्ल्व् + य् + आशा ॥ Here व् is udatta-yan. This will cause आ to become svarita. The intervening svarita य् is considered as not existent for the purposes of accent स्वरविधौव्यञ्जनमविद्यमानवत् ॥ Nor is this य् to be considered as sthani-vad to इ by 1.1.57, for in applying the rule of accent, such a substitute is not considered as sthanivat by 1.1.58.

Why do we say \ of udatta and svarita\? Observe बैदी꣡ + आशा꣡ = बैद्याशा, so also शार्ङ्गव्याशा ॥ Here the semi-vowel replaces an unaccented ई, and is अनुदात्त यण् ॥ These words are first acute owing to नित् accent 4.1.73.

Why do we say \an unaccented vowel becomes svarita\? Observe कुमार्यत्र, किशोर्यत्र ॥ The word अ꣡त्र is acutely accented on the first by लित् accent. 6.1.193.,