अङ्गस्य

This is an adhikara sutra. Thus in 6.4.2 is taught the lengthening of the vowel of a samprasarana : as हूतः, जीतः, संवीतः ॥ That means that the vowel preceded by a consonant belonging to the stem is lengthened. Therefore in निर् + वेञ् + क्त = निरुक्तम्, the vocalised vowel उ is not lengthened, as निर् is upasarga and not stem. So दुरुतम् ॥ Similarly 6.4.3, teaches the lengthening of the final before नाम्, as अग्नीनाम्, वायूनाम् ॥ But क्रिमिणाम् पश्य, पामनां पश्य, as मि and म are not the end-portions of a stem. The stem is क्रिमिणा and पामना 'a female having क्रिमि or पामन्', formed by न affix 5.2.100. The forms क्रिमिणाम् and पामनाम् are Accusative Singular. Similarly 7.1.9 teaches that after अ, भिस् is changed into ऐस् ॥ As वृक्षैः, प्लक्षैः ॥ There also, the अ must be the अ final in an anga or stem : hence not here are ब्राह्मणभिस्सा, ओदनभिस्सदा, the भिस does not follow an anga. भिस्स means boiled rice and भिस्सदा means दधिः ॥

The maxim of अर्थवद्ग्रहणे नानर्थकस्य does not apply here; for had it been so, there would have been no necessity of making this sutra. For example, in the sutra नामि 6.4.3, the affix नाम् having a meaning would have been meant, and not any other नाम् ॥

The word अङ्गस्य must be read in the following sutras, otherwise there would arise incongruity : first; sutras teaching the lengthening of the vowel when सन् or Samprasarana follows, thus : 6.4.16 ordains the lengthening of vowel before सन्, as विवीषति; but not here दधि सनोति for इ of दधि is not that of anga. So also in Samprasarana, but not in निरुक्त &c as shown above.

2andly -- For the purposes of एत्वं in sutra 6.4.68. The optional change of आ into ए must refer to anga, as ग्लेयात् or ग्लायात्, but not here निर्यायात् or निर्वायात्, for here र् is not part of the anga, and so र्य cannot be considered a conjunct part of anga.

3rdly -- For the change of तु to तात् in 7.1.35. There also तु must be portion of the anga, and not the particle तु, therefore, जीवतु or जीवतात्, but hot here जीव तु त्वम् ॥

4thly -- For the substitution of इयङ् and उवङ् in 6.4.77. Therefore not here श्यर्थम् and वर्यम् ॥

5thly -- For the sake of नुट् augment in 7.1.54. But not here are कुमारी आमिति आह ॥

6thly -- For the sake of shortening of vowels. Thus 7.4.13 ordains the shortening of अण् vowels before क ॥ It refers to the anga-vowel, as कुमारिका ॥ But not here, कुमारी कस्मै स्पृहयति or कुमार्याः कं सुखं = कुमारीकं ॥

And lastly for तत्व or त substitution. Thus 7.4.48 ordains the change of प् into त् in the case of अप् before भ ॥ It refers to anga, as अद्भिः ॥ But not here अद्भारः, for अप् here is not anga.

To sum up in Sanskrit : सन् सम्प्रसारण दीर्घत्वैत्वतातार्ङयङुवङ्नुट ह्रस्वत्व तत्वे च अङ्गस्येत्यधिकारे प्रयोजनं ॥

The word अङ्गस्य is in the Genitive case. But the force of Genitive is here not only that taught in 1.1.49 (स्थाने योगः), but of mere relation-ship. Or अङ्गस्य may be considered as a mere pratipadika, without any case-affix. In the subsequent aphorisms, it should be read with proper case-affixes as the exigencies of each sutra may require. Thus in अतो भिस ऐस् 7.1.9 अङ्ग should be read in the ablative case: अकारान्ताद् अङ्गाद् भिसः ऐस् ॥ The Genitive case has force of स्थानषष्ठी in sutras like हन्तेर्ज, where the whole of हन् is replaced 6.4.36. It has the force of अवयवषष्ठी in sutras like ऊदुपधाया गोहः 6.4.89. It has the force of निमित्तनिमित्ति सम्बन्धः in युवोरनाकौ 7.1.1. Or the Genitive case in अङ्गस्य may be changed into any other case, as already shown.,