The affix ṅīp is added in the feminine after the prātipadika (Nominal Stems) ending in short a , if the affix with which it ends has an indicatory ṭ or if the affix be ḍha or aṇ or añ or dvayasac or daghnac or mātrac or tayap or ṭhak or ṭhañ or kañ or kvarap,
The word अतः 'ending in short अ' is understood here by anuvritti from 4.1.4; and qualifies the affixes above-mentioned, wherever necessary. This debars the affix टाप् of 4.1.4. We shall give example of each seriatim (1) Thus, m., कुरुचर f., कुरुचरी m., मद्रचर f, मद्रचरी (चर + ई = चर् + ई; the final अ is elided by 6.4.148.) The word kuru-chara is formed by ट 3.2.16. of which ट् is indicatory.
Q. It might be objected, \why is not the affix ङीप् added after the words पचमान, formed by the affix शानच् 3.2.124 in as much as this affix is a substitute of लट्; and because लट् has an indicatory ट्, therefore, its substitute will also be supposed to have an indicatory ट् 1.1.57.\
A. To this we reply, 'the affix लट् is not टित् as it has two indicatory letters, ल् and ट्'.
Q. If that be so, affixes like ल्युट् should also be called no टित् affixes, as they have also two indicatory letters.
A. To this we reply, that if ल्युट् be not regarded टित्, then the indicatory ट् of ल्युट् finds no scope any where: as the indicatory ट् of लट् has its scope in sutra 3.4.79. Therefore, the feminine of पचमान will be पचमाना ॥ Similarly, the indicatory ट् of augments will not cause the application of the affix ङीप्; thus पठिता विद्या ॥ Here the feminine of पठिता is formed by आ and not इ. This is indicated by sutra 4.3.23, which says \augment तुट् is added to the affixes ट्यु and ट्युल्\. If the ट् of तुट् could have made the affix टित् for the purposes of this present sutra; the anubandha ट् had been unnecessarily added to the affixes यु and युल् in the above.
(2) Of words ending in ढ we have, m, सौपर्णेय f. सौपर्णेयी so also f. वैनतेयी. The ढ stands for the affix ढक्; and it is replaced by एय् 7.1.2 . Thus सुपर्णा + ढक् 4.1.120= सुपर्णा + एय = सौपर्णेय 7.2.118. There is no affix which is merely ढ without any indicatory letters; and denoting the feminine; the only affix, as said above, is ढक् ॥ Therefore, the following maxim does not apply here :- \When a term void of anubandhas (indicatory letters) is imployed in grammar, it does not denote that which has an anubandha attached to it\, and we cannot say that the ड of this sutra refers to the anubandha-less ढ of 5.3.102 which is always Neuter.
(3) Of words in अण्, we have already said that the affix अण् here refers to both the Krit and the Taddhita affix 'an'. Thus with the krit affix 'an' we have कुम्भकार and नगरकार 3.2.1, the feminine of which is कुम्भकारी and नगरकारी ॥ With the Taddhita affix 'an' we have औपगव 4.1.92, the feminine of which is औपगवी ॥ Sometimes words formed by the addition of the affix ण are operated upon as if they were formed by अण् ॥ Thus चौरी, तापसी are the feminine of चौर and तापस 4.4.62, sometimes words formed by ण are not so treated, as दाण्डा, मौष्टा 4.2.57.
(4) Words formed by अञ् as औत्स f. औत्सी, औदपान, f. औदपानी, 4.1.86. Though by 4.1.73 the affix ङीन् would have come after the words ending in अञ्, the re-employment of this affix in the present sutra is for the purpose of preventing the application of the affix ङीष् which would have presented itself by 4.1.63; that is even when 'jati' is indicated, 'nish' is not to be employed here.
(5) The three affixes द्वयसच्, दघ्नच् and मात्रच् are added by 5.2.37; as, ऊरुद्वयसी, ऊरुदघ्नी, ऊरुमात्री 'reaching to the thigh'. Similarly जानुद्वयसी, जानुदघ्नी, जानुमात्री ।
(6) So also with words formed by तयप् 5.2.42. As पञ्चतयी 'of which the parts are five' so also दशतयी ॥
(7) So also with words ending in ठञ् 4.4.1 as, आक्षिकी 'a female dicer', शालाकिकी. The ठ is replaced by इक 7.3.50.
(8) Similarly with words ending in ठञ् 5.1.18: as, लावणिकी 'elegant'. The affixes ठक् and ठञ् are separately enumerated in this sutra, in order to exclude the affix ठन् &c. For had the word ठ merely been used, then it would have meant all the three affixes ठक्, ठन् and ठञ्, which is not desired.
(9) Similarly with words ending in कञ् 3.2.60 as, यादृशी, तादृशी ॥
(10) So also with words ending in क्वरप् 3.2.163 as इत्वरी 'swift', नश्वरी ॥
Vart:- In addition to the foregoing, there should have been the enumeration of the affixes नञ् and स्नञ् 4.1.87 and ईकक् 4.4.59 and ख्युन् 3.2.56 and of the words तरुण and तलुन 'a youth'. Thus स्त्रैणी 'a female', पौंस्नी 'a male', शाक्तीकी 'a female spear bearer', आढ्यंकरणी 'enriching'; तरुणी or तलुनी 'a young woman'.,